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Networking & IoT
From the OSI model to TLS: Ethernet, IP, TCP/UDP, sockets, and the IoT protocols (MQTT, CoAP, BLE/WiFi) that connect constrained devices to the internet — securely.
3h 30m total9 lessonsBeginner friendly
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Lesson Content
0/9 done- 11OSI vs TCP/IP ModelWhy networking is split into stacked layers, how the 7-layer OSI reference maps onto the 4-layer TCP/IP model the internet actually runs on, and how encapsulation wraps your data.20 min
- 22Ethernet BasicsThe dominant link layer: MAC addresses and frame format, the MAC-vs-PHY split (and how MCUs pair an on-chip MAC with an external PHY over RMII), and how switches forward by MAC.22 min
- 33IP AddressingHow a packet finds a device: IPv4/IPv6 addresses split into network and host by the subnet mask, the same-subnet-vs-gateway decision, plus DHCP, NAT, and why IoT devices dial out.24 min
- 44TCP vs UDPThe two transport protocols: TCP's connection, ordering, and retransmission (a reliable byte stream) vs UDP's connectionless best-effort datagrams, and which to pick on a constrained device.24 min
- 55SocketsThe programming interface to TCP/UDP: the BSD socket calls (socket/connect/send/recv, bind/listen/accept), client and server flows, byte order, and the partial-I/O and blocking traps on an MCU.24 min
- 66MQTTThe IoT publish/subscribe workhorse: a broker decouples publishers and subscribers over topics, devices dial out (NAT-friendly), and QoS, retained messages, and Last Will handle lossy links.24 min
- 77CoAPREST for tiny devices: CoAP brings HTTP-like GET/POST/PUT/DELETE to constrained nodes over UDP with a 4-byte header, optional confirmable reliability, Observe push, and DTLS security.22 min
- 88BLE & WiFi for EmbeddedTwo wireless worlds: BLE's ultra-low-power short-range GATT model (wearables, sensors, phone-tethered) vs WiFi's high-bandwidth, IP-native, internet-direct connectivity, and the power tradeoff.24 min
- 99TLS & CertificatesSecuring a connection: TLS gives confidentiality, integrity, and authentication via a handshake; certificates and PKI prove identity; and mutual TLS gives each device its own identity, at a real cost on MCUs.26 min
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